Chrono

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The chrono project is an ElN project done at the end of the first semester.
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The Chrono project is an ElN project done at the end of the first semester.
It consists in conrtolling a stepper motor which moves a pointer in a clockwise direction. It will emulate a stop watch.
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It consists in controlling a stepper motor which moves a hand in a clockwise direction.
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This emulates a stop watch.
  
 
[[File:Chrono.jpg|600px|Chrono in Action]]  
 
[[File:Chrono.jpg|600px|Chrono in Action]]  
  
 
== Specification ==
 
== Specification ==
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=== Minimal system ===
  
 
The basic specification is the following one:
 
The basic specification is the following one:
* On reset, the pointer moves to the start position (12 o'clock), it is given by a Reed sensor.
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* When the ''restart'' button is pressed, the hand turns back to the starting position (12 o'clock), which is signaled by a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reed_relay Reed relay].
* When pos 2 button (Start) is pressed, the pointer will start counting seconds.  
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* When the ''start'' button is pressed, the hand will move by 1/60<sup>th</sup> of a full turn every second.
* When pos 3 button (Stop) is pressed, the pointer stops and waits at the actual location.
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* When the ''stop'' button is pressed, the hand stops and waits at the current location.
* When pos 1 button (Reset) is pressed, the pointer resets to the start position (12 o'clock).
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as optional task a pos4 button (Set) can be pressed in order to halt the pointer, but the stop watch is still counting. By a second push of the set button the pointer moves to the actual stop watch time.
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The minimal system doesn't handle the cases when the user acts erratically,
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such as pushing the restart button when the hand is already at 12 o'clock position.
  
== Components ==
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=== Options ===
The system consists of
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* a [[Media:Chrono.pdf|Chrono assembly]]
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* an [http://wiki.hevs.ch/uit/index.php5/Hardware/FPGAEBS FPGA prototyping board]
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* a [[Media:Heb_lcd_schematic.pdf|control board]] with 4 buttons and 8 LEDs
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==== Motor control circuit ====
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The students are given the opportunity to design a more complex system.
The Chrono Stepper motor powered with 8-12 V.
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Two buttons, 10 LEDs and optionally a 4-line LCD display allow to debug or to add functionalities.
The [[Media:Chrono_power_circuit.pdf|power circuit]] contains an [[Media:L6207N.pdf|H-bridge]] controlled by digital signals.
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On the power board, a 5 V regulator generates the proper voltage for powering the FPGA board.
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===== Stepper motor =====
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Optional functionalities already seen are:
The Stepper motor is controlled by a [[Media:L6207N.pdf|L6207]] H-bridge driver.
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* ''PWM'': when the hand is stopped, the current in the corresponding coil can be reduced using a repetitive pattern
The [[Media:StepperMotor.pdf|Stepper motor]] itself has a resolution of 1.8degree (Full step) and works with 4 coils.
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* ''counting minutes'': whilst the hand shows the seconds, the minutes can be displayed on the LEDs
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* ''smart restart'': the direction for moving the hand back to the 12 o'clock position can be chosen in function of its actual position
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* ''lap time'': when the hand is stopped, a counter still counts the seconds and a further button press drives the hand as fast as possible to the current time.
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* ''LCD display'': the LCD can be used to display information such as the minutes. An [http://wiki.hevs.ch/uit/index.php5/Components/IP/HEB_LCD LCD IP] Core for the display communication is provided.
  
===== Hall sensors =====
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The LCD comes with a control block to which one can send an ASCII character to.
The hall sensor is a switch which is working with the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hall_effect_sensor hall effect]. If a magnet is close to the sensor, the contact closes. For the projects 1 hall sensors are used to identify the 12 o'clock position.
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[http://wiki.hevs.ch/uit/index.php5/Components/IP/HEB_LCD#Supported_Characters Control characters] allow to navigate on the LCD display.
  
==== FPGA board ====
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== Components ==
The main board is called FPGA-EBS and is the school's main development board. It features many different interfaces and a Xilinx Spartan xc3s500e FPGA.
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The system consists of
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<!--* a [[Media:Chrono.pdf|Chrono assembly]] (not up to date, to be deleted)-->
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* a [[Chrono/assembly|chronometer assembly]] with a stepper motor, a single hand and a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reed_relay Reed relay] to signal position 12 o'clock
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* an [http://wiki.hevs.ch/uit/index.php5/Hardware/FPGAEBS FPGA prototyping board]
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* a user interface board with [http://wiki.hevs.ch/uit/index.php5/Hardware/Parallelport/heb_lcd 4 buttons and 8 LEDs] and an optional LCD
  
For additional information see the [http://wiki.hevs.ch/uit/index.php5/Hardware/FPGAEBS FPGA-EBS page].
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== Design ==
  
==== Buttons and LEDs ====
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=== Toplevel Block ===
The Button and Led parallelboard can be attached to the FPGA-EBS and has '''4 additional buttons''' and '''8 additional leds''' which you can use.
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==== Toplevel Design ====
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* The [[Media:Chrono_Toplevel_Empty.pdf‎|empty toplevel block]] shows the circuit's inputs and outputs.
* [[Media:Chrono_Toplevel_Empty.pdf‎|Empty Toplevel Design]]
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== Getting started ==
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=== Getting started ===
 
In order to start the projects you should do the following:
 
In order to start the projects you should do the following:
 
* Read carefully the specifications above
 
* Read carefully the specifications above
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** [[Chrono/students_fr|Guide en français]]
 
** [[Chrono/students_fr|Guide en français]]
 
** [[Chrono/students_de|Anleitung auf Deutsch]]
 
** [[Chrono/students_de|Anleitung auf Deutsch]]
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The [[Media:ElN_Tools_Cheatsheet.pdf|EDA tools cheatsheet]] can be a great help for the circuit design and synthesis.
  
 
== Additional Information ==
 
== Additional Information ==
Additional informations for [[Chrono/professor|collaborators]]
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* [[chrono/survival guide|Survival guide]]
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* [[chrono/board combination|Board combinations]]
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* Additional informations for [[chrono/teachers|teachers]].
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[[Category:Bachelor]] [[Category:ElN]] [[Category:Chrono]]

Latest revision as of 10:31, 19 November 2020

Contents

The Chrono project is an ElN project done at the end of the first semester. It consists in controlling a stepper motor which moves a hand in a clockwise direction. This emulates a stop watch.

Chrono in Action

Specification

Minimal system

The basic specification is the following one:

  • When the restart button is pressed, the hand turns back to the starting position (12 o'clock), which is signaled by a Reed relay.
  • When the start button is pressed, the hand will move by 1/60th of a full turn every second.
  • When the stop button is pressed, the hand stops and waits at the current location.

The minimal system doesn't handle the cases when the user acts erratically, such as pushing the restart button when the hand is already at 12 o'clock position.

Options

The students are given the opportunity to design a more complex system. Two buttons, 10 LEDs and optionally a 4-line LCD display allow to debug or to add functionalities.

Optional functionalities already seen are:

  • PWM: when the hand is stopped, the current in the corresponding coil can be reduced using a repetitive pattern
  • counting minutes: whilst the hand shows the seconds, the minutes can be displayed on the LEDs
  • smart restart: the direction for moving the hand back to the 12 o'clock position can be chosen in function of its actual position
  • lap time: when the hand is stopped, a counter still counts the seconds and a further button press drives the hand as fast as possible to the current time.
  • LCD display: the LCD can be used to display information such as the minutes. An LCD IP Core for the display communication is provided.

The LCD comes with a control block to which one can send an ASCII character to. Control characters allow to navigate on the LCD display.

Components

The system consists of

Design

Toplevel Block

Getting started

In order to start the projects you should do the following:

The EDA tools cheatsheet can be a great help for the circuit design and synthesis.

Additional Information

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